SAP S021 ABAP Select data from SAP table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP S021 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to S021. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the S021 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_S021 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF S021,
      WA_S021 TYPE S021,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <S021> TYPE S021.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_S021.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM S021
  INTO TABLE IT_S021.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM S021
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_S0212).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_S021 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_S0212).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_S021 ASSIGNING <S021>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<S021>-MANDT = 1.
<S021>-SSOUR = 1.
<S021>-VRSIO = 1.
<S021>-SPMON = 1.
<S021>-SPTAG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_S021 INTO WA_S021.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_S021-SPWOC, sy-vline,
  WA_S021-SPBUP, sy-vline,
  WA_S021-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_S021-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_S021-AUFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_S021-POSNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_S021 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_S021 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_S021 INTO WA_S021.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPMON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-SPMON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-SPMON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPWOC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-SPWOC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-SPWOC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPBUP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-SPBUP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-SPBUP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field LMEIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-LMEIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-LMEIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field DFZEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-DFZEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-DFZEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field KEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S021-KEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S021-KEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_S021_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SSOUR TYPE STRING,
VRSIO TYPE STRING,
SPMON TYPE STRING,
SPTAG TYPE STRING,
SPWOC TYPE STRING,
SPBUP TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
PERIV TYPE STRING,
VWDAT TYPE STRING,
LMEIN TYPE STRING,
DFZEH TYPE STRING,
KEINH TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
FTRMP TYPE STRING,
FTRMS TYPE STRING,
FTRMI TYPE STRING,
GSTRP TYPE STRING,
GSTRS TYPE STRING,
GSTRI TYPE STRING,
GLTRP TYPE STRING,
GLTRS TYPE STRING,
GLTRI TYPE STRING,
PGMNG TYPE STRING,
PSMNG TYPE STRING,
WEMNG TYPE STRING,
PAMNG TYPE STRING,
PSAMG TYPE STRING,
IAMNG TYPE STRING,
S_DFZ TYPE STRING,
I_DFZ TYPE STRING,
KSUMS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_S021_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_S021_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-SSOUR sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-VRSIO sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-SPMON sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-SPTAG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-SPWOC sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-SPBUP sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-PERIV sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-VWDAT sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-LMEIN sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-DFZEH sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-KEINH sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-FTRMP sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-FTRMS sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-FTRMI sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-GSTRP sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-GSTRS sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-GSTRI sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-GLTRP sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-GLTRS sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-GLTRI sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-PGMNG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-PSMNG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-WEMNG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-PAMNG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-PSAMG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-IAMNG sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-S_DFZ sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-I_DFZ sy-vline 
WA_S021_STR-KSUMS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.

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