SAP ABAP Reports are written in ABAP code and generally present specifc SAP data to the user so that they can view, change or download it for use in separate application. The most popular way to create abap reports is to use the alv functionality either view the ALV function modules or the ALV method calls. See here for more information about SAP ALV including example ABAP code. Another option for building reports within SAP is to use the Adhoc SAP Query and quickviewer to generate yor reports ABAP reports don’t just display data to a user, depending on the capabilities of the ABAPer they can also perform complicated calculations, ftp data, email data, update tables etc etc
BALVBT01 Testprogram ALV: Block list
salv_admin_test_run_reports SAP ALV test reports
SHOWCOLO Show different colours available for SAP reports
SHOWICON Show different icons available for SAP reports
SAP Reports by Module AreaAlso see
SAP function modules for available SAP function modules
There are also many ABAP ALV reports available within your SAP system created to demonstrate the various capabilities of Advanced list viewer reports from drag and drop functionality to cell editing and even HTML. Here are a few examples but you can find many more be search for ALV or BCALV.
SALV_DEMO_TABLE_EVENTS Demonstration of Event Programming using SALV_TABLE
BCALV_BDS_DISPLAYShow BDS and graphic (in ALV context only)
BCALV_DND_01 ..04Drag ALV Row to Tree Folder
BCALV_EDIT_01 ..09Switch on and off the ready-for-input status of the entire grid
BCALV_GRID_01 …11Processing Print Events
BCALV_TREE_01 ALV Tree Control: Build Up the Hierarchy Tree
BCALV_GRID_DEMO Simple ALV Control Call Demo Program
BCALV_GRID_DND_TREE ALV Grid: Drag and Drop with ALV Tree
Also see further example code published to help you get started and build the perfect ALV report from the following websites
ALV basics for all types of ALV Reporting