PROTB is a standard SAP Structure so does not store data like a database table does. It can be used to define the fields of other actual tables or to process "Log Table for Condition Generation (MSGID = 'VK')" Information within sap ABAP programs. This is done by declaring abap internal tables, work areas or database tables based on this Structure. These can then be used to store and process the required data appropriately. i.e. DATA: wa_PROTB TYPE PROTB.
The PROTB table consists of various fields, each holding specific information or linking keys about Log Table for Condition Generation (MSGID = 'VK') data available in SAP. These include MSGTP (Message category), ARBGB (Application Area), MSGNR (Message number), MSGV1 (Message Variable)... See below for full list along with technical details, documentation, text table, check tables, foreign key relationships, conversion routines, relevant tcodes and example ABAP select code etc. .